Since late 2024, Rapid Support Forces militants have been targeting Sudanese Armed Forces troops with standardized improvised loitering munitions. These UAVs carry anti-tank payloads triggered by three limit switches mounted at different angles on the drone’s front, increasing the chances of detonation on impact. The RSF began employing improvised loitering munitions shortly after the SAF, in early 2024. The latest model, likely developed with backing from state sponsors, appears designed to correct earlier flaws and improve effectiveness, drawing inspiration from similar systems used in Ukraine and Syria. It complements the RSF’s existing arsenal of industrial-grade fixed-wing loitering munitions and armed drones, and aims to enhance their tactical capabilities. However, repeated instances of UXO suggest reliability issues, which may eventually lead to the integration of backup mechanisms such as self-destruct or booby-trap features, as seen in Ukraine.
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