On April 27, 2023, Ukrainian Armed Forces attacked Russian targets in the occupied city of Rovenky, in Luhansk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine, with seven Mugin-5 Pro UAVs, five of which were reportedly shot down, while two initiated on the grounds of an oil depot. As a result of the attack, administrative and technical buildings of the oil depot were damaged.
On April 24, 2023, the same oil depot was attacked using similar UAVs, this time, damaging one of the oil refinery’s storage tanks.
The COTS Mugin-5 UAVs used in the attacks were modified by Ukrainian forces by adding an explosive payload to the front section of the fuselage. Recently, the use of these modified COTS UAVs as loitering munitions has increased and the modification is performed on a professional level. In addition, the attack TTP has changed from a single improvised loitering munition to swarm-like numbers of UAVs, including some released in staggered groups.
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