Toward the end of April and into early May 2025, new battlefield documentation emerged from the Ukrainian theater showing previously undocumented cluster submunitions bearing Korean-language markings. These markings suggest a probable origin in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
This report focuses on the presence and implications of DPRK-manufactured weaponry within the Ukrainian theater of operations. Among the documented items are standard weapons marked in Korean, with some weapons positively identified as DPRK-manufactured. Notably, a previously unidentified type of cluster submunition is documented, likely deployed via DPRK multiple rocket launcher systems. In addition to the cluster submunitions, various other DPRK-manufactured munitions have been documented, including artillery shells, mortar rounds, 122 mm rockets, anti-tank guided missiles, and remains of ballistic missile systems. Some of these munitions have also been previously documented in other operational theaters in the Middle East, including Syria and the Gaza Strip, or were intercepted as part of illicit DPRK arms transfers around the world.
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