Starting early June 2024, increased documentation of improvised fixed-wing loitering munitions with standard payloads modified with improvised electric initiation systems used by Russian forces have appeared on Russian Telegram channels. Since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian forces have used mainly standard loitering munitions, such as the Lancet and KUB series manufactured by the ZALA Aero Group. While the use of FPV racing drones as improvised loitering munitions proliferated rapidly among Russian and Ukrainian armed units alike, the use of improvised fixed-wing loitering munitions was mainly seen on the Ukrainian side. The increasing use of improvised fixed-wing loitering munitions by Russian combatants suggests the urgent need for inexpensive, easy to assemble DIY UAVs that can carry larger explosive payloads with greater efficiency.
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