After the initial progress of the invading Russian forces became mired in different fighting areas, they switched in the latest phase of the war to an offensive to cut off Ukrainian resistance in the Luhansk and Donetsk regions. Ukrainian forces continue to attack Russian positions in these regions, and their need for artillery systems and ordnance has increased. The Ukrainian forces have proven to be resilient and adaptive, effectively employing guerrilla tactics, and incorporating improvised weapons, such as Non-Standard Tactical Vehicles in their attacks (NSTV.) During the last month, Ukrainian Armed Forces documented improvised air-to-surface launchers used as artillery Multiple Rocket Launchers platforms mounted on civilian trucks. This TTP has been documented on numerous occasions in the use of militant groups in the Middle East, and while standard military variants of air-to-surface MRL pickups and APCs were documented in Ukraine in the past, this is the first documentation of an equivalent NSTV. These NSTVs have low accuracy capabilities, and a lighter payload compared to standard artillery. However, they may have some efficiency in open terrain when employed in focused hit-and-run situations.
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