Russian forces continue to introduce distinct variants of standard heavy warheads for fixed-wing loitering munitions, such as the Molnya and Gerbera. These diverse warheads contain various combinations of high-explosive, thermobaric, and incendiary substances. Structurally, they incorporate different casing serrations to optimize fragmentation effects, alongside specialized penetration features like hollow conical and concave liners. While some payloads utilize standard Russian military explosive compositions, others feature compositions less frequently observed in Russian warheads, such as Pentolite.
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